LING 612 Who Is Given Tests in What Language by Whom, When, and Where? (2008) G. Solano-Flores

Testing English Language Learners (ELL) is a complex process for validity and reliability purposes. There are factors such as the diverse ELL population that deals with various levels of bilingual definitions and the dialect that the community uses are a couple of factors that makes learning English a HUGE process to overcome, much less pass a standardized test that the USA expects for funding and having its doors open to communities.
There is a one size fits all ELL test that is administered to all students that are learning English with accommodations that are given from supposedly speakers of the school's dialect, but may or may not understand the question accurately to do justice to the interpretation that the student needs in order to be comfortable with the questions asked. Also the procedures used to create a valid test for ELL students is time consuming and the actual measure to test the questions is vast and gives too many variables to focus on questions to help students to understand the test questions enough to pass the English test. Again the linguistic barrier that is present for second language learners is something that needs to be studied and possibly adapted for ELL students to understand the questions without having to figure out the language context as well.
I read about the G Theory created by Cronbach, Gleser, Nanda, & Rajaratnam (1972) and would really like to understand how it factors into pinpointing how academic achievement can be achieved?